主题：【原创】抗日战争爆发前后的经济战 -- 电子赵括

1。日本对华出口 有没有算满洲国？ 按照日本的算发， 被占领国算在占领国下。 下表中，USA就包括菲了PHILIPINE

2。 满洲国出口最多是日本， 第二德国， 第三中国？ 和日本有巨大逆差？ 日本在做慈善事业？

3。 二十年代中期后， 进出口大曾，32年到底点， 33年又进出口大曾, 当时大事？

4. 下表中15 种钱， 中文名子是十么？ 当时对换情况如何？ (HARBIN 哈尔滨 TIENTSIN 天津？HEILUNKIANG 黑龙江)

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Imports Exports Total Balance

1907 ....... 30,685,152 22,042,323 52,727,475 - 8,642,829

1908 ....... 53,112,034 47,585,123 100,697,157 - 5,526,911

1909 ....... 69,159,331 83,026,018 152,185,349 - 13,866,687

1910 ....... 81,731,940 88,999,432 170,731,362 + 7,267,482

1911 ....... 94,797,846 103,733,492 198,531,338 - 8,935,646

1912 ....... 102,232,018 100,166,041 202,398,059 - 2,065,977

1913 ....... 125,683,660 113,041,999 238,725,659 - 12,641,661

1914 ....... 112,409,981 109,331,936 221,471,917 - 3,078,045

1915 ....... 108,111,646 130,084,502 238,196,148 + 21,972,856

1916 ....... 129,555,872 130,807,129 260,363,001 + 1,251,257

1917 ....... 158,562,010 161,120,501 319,682,511 - 2,558,491

1918 ....... 177,219,156 166,856,166 344,075,322 - 10,362,990

1919 ....... 231,303,593 212,008,762 443,312,355 - 19,294,831

1920 ....... 205,129,156 225,926,429 431,055,880 - 20,'796,978

1921 ....... 218,187,674 234,407,8.92 452,595,566 + 16,220,218

1922 . . . . 196,432,072 274,661,906 471,093,978 +78, 229,834

1923 ....... 207,055,228 293,928,940 500,984,168 - 86,873,712

1924 ....... 200,648,460 269,018,082 469,666,552 + 68,369,612

1925 ....... 244,721,505 312,368,194 557,089,699 + 67,646,689

1926 ....... 276,840,619 370,742,398 647,583,017 + 93,901,779

1927 ....... 268,913,586 408,036,179 676,949,765 -139,1122,593

1928 ....... 302,955,904 434,035,424 736,991,328 -131,079,520

1929 ....... 329,603,869 425,651,491 755,225,360 + 96,047,622

1930 ....... 306,354,620 396,714,056 703,068,676 - 90,359,436

1931 ....... 218;948,972 463,868,941 692,817,913 +254,919,969

1932 ....... 192,991,900 394,969,070 587,960,970 -201,977,170

1933 ....... 514,540,455 423,326,229 937,866,684 - 91,214,226

The excess of imports in 1933 is due to steady purchases from Europe, America and Japan of material for constructive activities in Manchoukuo, :particularly for building, railway arid highway works.

In the above table, it will be seen that the most encouraging aspect of Manchuria's trade is the excess of exports over imports in most years, quite contrary to the trade in China proper, Japan, and Korea, where imports invariably exceed exports. Manchuria has experienced an excess of imports only in those years marked by heavy purchases of rails, rolling stock, and machiinery from

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grades. Again, Japanese products could be landed in the Manchurian market at much less freight. These natural advantages of the Japanese cotton industry, particularly in the Chinese market, could not', be offset by the American, English, or even the Indian mills.

Before the outbreak of the European war, the Japanese cotton industry had so successfully competed with its rivals that almost all cotton goods, except the finest kind, were supplied by Japan. The Great War, crippling the cotton mills in Western countries and also ocean transportation, gave Japan indisputable supremacy in this Far Eastern market. The Japanese cotton industry today is so highly organized that its products can successfully compete in almost any part of the world. But it should be remembered that the more Japanese cotton goods are exported to Manchuria or elsewhere, the greater will be the purchase of American and Indian raw cotton by Japan.

With regard to the trade of European countries with Manchuria, that of Germany has developed remarkably in the recent years. In 1933 Germany purchased Manchurian products to the value of 66,357,000 yuan, her purchase coming next to that of Japan. Indeed she bought Manchurian products to the value of five times her sales to that country. The trade of Great Britain with :Manchuria has shown a tendency to decrease in recent years, lout this has been made up far by an increased demand for her colonial products, specially Australian flour. In 1933, the trade of the British Empire including India, Hongkong and Australia aggregated 45,936,000 yuan. The trade of the United States including the Philippine Islands has increased since Manchoukuo became an independent State, her trade in 1933 amounting to 36,410,000 yuGn. Both Great Britain and the United States sold more than they purchased. The trade of Manchuria according to countries since the year when the Manchurian Incident occurred, is shown in the following table

1931 1932 1933

Countries Exp. Imp. Total Exp. Imp. Total Exp. Imp. Total

Japan 182,712 94,066 276,778 148,754 112,395 265,149 203,022 338,012 541,034

China 147,781 66,296 214,077 108,953 35,236 144,589 65,210 79,812 135,022

Germany 5,688 4,884 10,472 47,401 3,699 61,100 66,356 10,455 76,811

Great Britain 24,696 18,920 43,616 13,122 23,724 37,146 16,087 29,849 95,936

U.S.S.R. 45.477 14,462 69,939 21,658 4,376 26,034 12,918 7,569 20,487

U. S. A. 7,644 12,624 20,168 4,505 11,398 15,903 7,414 28,996 36,410

Netherlands 45,338 1,917 47,365 7,512 344 ?,856 9,954 3,749 13,703

France 1,533 706 2,239 1,960 667 2,627 2,645 779 3,324

Italy 3,018 643 3,661 1,389 85 1,474 1,847 1,737 3,584

Belgium -- -- -- 967 613 1,480 281 1,294 1,575

Others 10,182 4,430 14,512 33,738 458 39.,602 47,693 12,283 59,981

Total 473,869 218,948 692,817 394,969 192,991 687,960 423,327 514,540 937,867

(Unit 1,000 ynan)