主题：【求助】中国古典乐曲的英文名称和简述 -- Sioux

近日，同一办公室的一个老外同事请我给他推荐几个中国的古典乐曲，并希望能对每首乐曲都有个简单的英文描述。考虑再三，我准备向其推荐以下几个曲目。惭愧的是，我的（古典）音乐修养和英文水平都是二把刀。试着翻译了一部分，可是自己看着都别扭，只好发到河里，肯请各位河友帮助指正。

先行谢过......

1. 高山流水——High Mountain and Flowing Water

This music was created during the Warring States Period (403, BC – 221, BC).

It describes a great friendship between a musician and an axman.

此曲取材于“伯牙鼓琴遇知音”， 春秋时，晋大夫俞伯牙一次在荒野弹琴，樵夫钟子期竟能领会这是描绘“巍巍乎志在高山”和“洋洋乎志在流水”。伯牙惊曰：“善哉，子之心与吾同。” 后子期死，伯牙痛失知音，摔琴断弦，永不再弹，故有高山流水之曲。

——此曲不敢译得太细，主要是怕老外怀疑两位主角搞断背。

2. 广陵散——Guangling Verse

This music was created before the Western Han Dynasty China (206, BC – 24, AD).

It tells a story that a hard-bitten musician disfigured his own face, persisted in learning playing Chinese zither for 10 years and then devoted his life to revenging his dead father on a tyrannical king.

据《琴操》记载：战国聂政的父亲，为韩王铸剑，因延误日期，而惨遭杀害。聂政立志为父亲报仇，毁容入山学琴十年，身成绝技，名扬韩国。韩王召他进宫演奏，聂政终于实现了刺杀韩王的报仇夙愿，自己也壮烈身亡。

3. 平沙落雁——The Honk ( Wild Geese over the Clam Sands ？)

This music was recorded in 1634, AD, Ming Dynasty China.

It describes the wild gooses flying in the sky.

此曲描写雁群降落前在天空盘旋顾盼的情景。意在借鸿鸪之远志，写逸士之心胸。

——后面的“志存高远”未敢翻译。

4. 十面埋伏——Being Besieged

It describes a decisive battle between Chu State and Han State in 202, BC. King Xiang,Yu of Chu State was besieged by King Liu, Bang of Han State. King Xiang,Yu chose to suicide by the Wu River after being defeated.

此曲描写公元前202年楚汉的最后决战。楚王项羽最后自刎于乌江。

5. 渔樵问答——Conversation between Fisherman and Axman

This music was recorded in 1560, AD, Ming Dynasty China.

It describes a idyllic conversation between a fisherman and an axman. It represents a mood of long for withdrawing from society and living a recluse rustic existence.

此曲表现了渔人和樵夫在清山绿水之间自得其乐的谈话。反映出对田园生活的向往，希望摆脱俗尘凡事的羁绊。

6. 春江花月夜——Moonlight on the Spring River

It describes a scene by the river in the dusk of the evening.

7. 汉宫秋月 Cold Moonlight in the Palace

It describes the sorrow and plaintive emotion of the ancient lady-in-waiting.

此曲表现了古代宫女哀怨悲愁的情绪及寂寥清冷的生命意境。

8. 梅花三弄——Three Variations of Plum Flowers

This music was created in 383, AD（？）by general Huan Yi, Jin Dynasty China. It describes a person with the unyielding character with comparing him to the plum blossoming in chilly snow.

此曲为东晋大将桓伊所奏。表现了梅花洁白，傲雪凌霜的高尚品性。用来赞誉具有高尚情操之人。

9. 阳春白雪——Spring and Snow （？）

This music was created during the Warring States Period (403, BC – 221, BC).

此曲为春秋时晋国师旷所作。“阳春”取万物知春，和风荡涤之意，“白雪”取懔然清洁，雪竹琳琅之意。

——首先曲名自己就不太满意，而且此曲中文简述我还未领会透澈，更别说翻译了。

10、胡笳十八拍——18 Movements of Hu-Flute

This music was created by Cai Yan, a famous poetess of the Eastern Han Dynasty China (25, AD – 220, AD) who was captured by Hun and restrained in enemy state for 12 years.

It describes her miserable life full of longing for home country and being separated from her children.

东汉末年，蔡文姬被匈奴所掳，流落塞外，著长诗《胡笳十八拍》，反映了思念故乡而又不忍骨肉分离的痛苦心情。叙述了自己一生的不幸遭遇。

11. 苏武牧羊——The Shepherd SuWu（？）

此曲取自历史故事，汉时，苏武奉武帝命出使匈奴被扣，因不屈于匈奴的威胁利诱而受尽折磨，被拘匈奴牧羊十九载，历尽艰辛，终不辱节而归汉。

——这个曲子的曲名和译述是最让我头痛的。