主题：【原创】自打嘴巴帖：地震会引发糖尿病？对。 那是有地。。（1） -- 寒塘冷月

自打嘴巴帖：地震会引发糖尿病？ 对。 那是有地震糖尿病咯？ 绝对没有！

那是自打嘴巴咯？ 绝对不是！

让我们一层层来看看为啥自相矛盾的话能合理地存在，并进一步了解“地震糖尿病”是如何在短时间内“治好的”。

1 全球糖尿病患者在高速增长中

世卫估计发展中国家糖尿病人口将由1995年的8千4百万人增至2025年的2亿2千8百万人，增幅为170%，平均每年增幅为5.67%。而全球的糖尿病人口在同时期的增幅为122%，由1亿3千5百万人增至2025年的3亿人。

GLOBAL BURDEN OF DIABETES Press Release WHO/63 14 September 1998

WHO Projects a 170% Growth in the Number of People with Diabetes in Developing Countries by 2025

Between 1995 and 2025 the number of the adult population affected by diabetes mellitus in developing countries is projected to grow by 170%, from 84 to 228 million people. By 2025, these countries will be home to 76% of all persons with diabetes, as compared with 62% in 1995. In the same period, the developed world will see a 41% increase, from 51 to 72 million people.

Worldwide, a 122% rise is projected, from the total of 135 to 300 million.

[URL=]http://www.who.int/inf-pr-1998/en/pr98-63.html [/URL]

而根據世界糖尿病聯盟年鑑（2006年版），2007年全球估計將近有2億4千6百萬人患有糖尿病，2025年將會逼近3億8千萬人

[URL=]http://www.wretch.cc/blog/drhungtw/8706541 [/URL]

2005年，中国人口13亿7百万，而糖尿病患者已达5000万，位居世界第二， 占总人口的3.83%，真正人数不止5000万，有很多病患没有接受检验。

[URL=]http://health.sohu.com/20061031/n246107637.shtml [/URL]

2 有近一半的糖尿病患者在发病多年后才被诊断出来

Frost Y Sulivan 在一项中国糖尿病诊断市场调查中指出， 2005年中国的糖尿病人口只有3000万人（这数据不准确），其中只有15%的患者受到检测诊断，而85%的患者并未得到检测。

Chinese Diabetes Diagnostics Markets

A report by Frost & Sulivan April 24, 2006

Market Overview

The Chinese diabetes diagnostics market is the second largest in Asia after Japan. The market witnessed a growth rate of 4.7 percent in 2005 over 2004 and is expected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.0 percent during the period 2005 to 2012. This is considered to be a high growth market with high market potential. The increasing incidence of diabetes and the resulting higher volumes of diagnostic tests are bound to support this strong growth.

In China, of the 30.0 million diabetes population, only 15 percent are diagnosed with diabetes. However, still the affected population of 25.5 million remain undiagnosed, reflecting the future long-term potential of this market. By 2012, it is estimated that 82.0 percent would remain undiagnosed of diabetes. It shows the steep increase in the incidence of the disease with the simultaneous increase in the diagnosis rate.

[URL=]http://www.asianhhm.com/Knowledge_bank/industryreports/market_dynamics.htm [/URL]

世卫的估计是接近50%的患者，因为没有糖尿病的征兆在发病多年后才被诊断出来，

People with type 2 diabetes may have similar, but less obvious, symptoms.

Many have no symptoms and are only diagnosed after many years of onset.

As a consequence, almost half of all people with type 2 diabetes are not aware that they have this life-threatening condition.

[URL=]http://www.who.int/diabetes/en/DANbooklettext%20ENGLISH.pdf [/URL]

这说明了啥？一大群的糖尿病人在数年里根本不知道自己患了糖尿病，随便在任何一种灾（水灾，火灾，风灾，海啸，雪灾，或无灾），抓一大批人来验血糖，都能发现一大群新的糖尿病人

如果以世卫的估计为标准，随便在A区抓1000人来验血糖，就能验出45人患有糖尿病，而其中有22人是新发现的病患。隔年随便在B区抓1000人来验血糖，就能验出47人患有糖尿病，而其中有23人是新发现的病患，如果所抓的都是中老年人，发现的新糖尿病人数要高得多了。

3 “地震糖尿病”是如何在短期内治愈的 ？

有一部分人是处于marginal diabetes“边缘糖尿病”，即血糖是处于5.5mmol/L 至 7mmol/L的边缘正常值, 而感冒、病毒感染、发热、上火（内热）等疾病，会使血糖大幅增加，感冒等疾病多能在短期内治愈，治好这类疾病，血糖也就恢复正常了，但这不是治好“糖尿病”。另一类是糖尿病患者，如果他的血糖值是10mmol/L,患病后升至13mmol/L, 病好后血糖值恢复至10mmol/L， 这也不是抗糖茶改善了他的糖尿病。

以下引述2个西医与1个中医有关患病血糖增高的证明：

摘要译文：

提问：热病是否将造成您的血糖上升？我现在与鼻窦感染、耳朵感染和扁桃腺炎战斗大约一个星期

回答：短期病症(感冒、流感或者病毒)也许导致糖尿病人失去对血糖的控制。

My second question is about fevers. Will a fever cause your blood sugar to rise? Right now I am running a fever of just under 100 degress and even though it is 7:30PM and I haven't eaten since noon, my blood sugar was 210! It hasn't been that high since I found out about my diabetes. I have been fighting a sinus infection, an ear infection and tonsilitis for about a week now. I've had a sore throat for the last 10 days. I went to the doctor and am on antibiotics, but tonight is the first time I have run a fever, so I'm not sure.

Thanks in advance for the info!

Here's what MINE says:

Short term illnesses (cold, flu, or virus) may cause the diabetic patient's blood sugar to go out of control. This can be avoided by following the guidelines listed below:

http://www.glucomenu.com/support_group/dg/2003_1223.asp

摘要译文：

当您不适或受感染时，您的血糖常会升高。 这是因为您的身体在压力之下，而不是因为您吃了太多。

DIABETES IS DIFFERENT

If you use insulin injections or diabetes pills, you need to know how to control your blood glucose when you can't eat.

Your blood glucose often goes up when you are ill or have an infection. This is because your body is under stress, not because you ate too much.

外链出处

中医的解说

消渴 (西医病名：糖尿病)

消渴之名出《素问·奇病论》，曰：“此肥美之所发也，此人必数食甘美而多肥也，肥者令人内热，甘者令人中满，故其气上溢，转为消渴。”

消渴是因恣食肥甘，或情志过极、房事不节、热病之后等，郁热内蕴，气化失常，津液精微不能正常输布而下泄，阴虚燥热。以口渴多饮，多食而瘦，尿多 而甜为主要表现的脾系疾病。口渴引饮为上消；善食易饥为中消；’饮一溲一为下消，统称消渴(三消)。

本病即西医学所指糖尿病。病久不愈可兼病痈疖、圆翳内障、肺痨等，严重者易发生消渴厥

[URL=]http://www.120sohu.net/gx/zyz/z543.htm [/URL]

西医对造成感冒病因的看法：

感冒，总体上分为普通感冒和流行感冒

西医学的上呼吸道感染属中医的感冒范畴。西医学认为当人体受凉、淋雨、过度疲劳等诱发因素

感冒可能会引发细菌感染，但是千万不可随便使用药物治疗。在人体免疫系统杀死病毒后，绝大部分感染会自动痊愈。盲目药物治疗会增强细菌抗药性，从而损害人体免疫系统

中医对造成感冒病因的看法：内热、过度疲劳、外感风寒、机体抵抗力下降、烟洒过度等。

总结：像这样的大地震，灾民精神上饱受悲伤、恐惧、惊吓等等折磨，同时穿不暖、吃不饱、睡不安、淋雨受凉，身心饱受折磨，身体抵抗力大幅度下跌，在这种情况下，不生病的人不多吧？

苦骨对感冒等热症有清热的功效。

【别 名】：苦骨（《纲目》）

【功能主治】清热燥湿，杀虫，利尿。用于热痢，便血，黄疸尿闭，赤白带下，阴肿阴痒，湿疹，湿疮，皮肤瘙痒，疥癣麻风；外治滴虫性阴道炎。

看了这一段文字，颇有感触，便把它贴上：

普及疾病会造成血糖升高的知识是很重要的，对这方面缺乏认识，很容易让人利用来浑水摸鱼！

4 Stress（压力）会引发糖尿病

个人觉得英文的Stress 涵盖的范围比较广，比如被老板责骂了是Stress，和女朋友吵架了是Stress，身体受伤了四Stress, 堵在车龙里也是Stress，这里的Stress（压力）会引发糖尿病，应以英文的理解为准。

压力引发糖尿病是已被证实的了，这里列出几个论证：

摘要译文：

Johns Hopkins（美国的Johns Hopkins 是国际威望很高的医学院、医院、大学的大规模组织）科学家发现糖尿病造成忧郁症，而相反的，忧郁也造成糖尿病。

Diabetes, depression linked

Having one makes other more likely

By David Kohn | Sun reporter June 18, 2008

For the first time in a single study, Johns Hopkins scientists have found that diabetes contributes to depression and vice versa, confirming long-held assumptions about the intertwined nature of two diseases that affect millions of Americans.

The research, published yesterday in the Journal of the American Medical Association, provides added proof that diabetes plays a role in depression and depression plays a role in diabetes. Previous studies have looked at only one aspect of the link.

For years, researchers had assumed that diabetes led to depression, said University of Michigan epidemiologist Briana Mezuk. The new research provides evidence. "That's what makes this study so great," said Mezuk, an expert on diabetes and depression.

Both ailments affect a significant number of people. Almost 21 million Americans - 7 percent of the population - have diabetes.

[URL=]http://www.baltimoresun.com/news/nation/bal-te.diabetes18jun18,0,6773367.story [/URL]

摘要译文：

压力的来源可以是身体的，象外伤或病症。 或者他们可以是精神的，象在您的婚姻、工作、健康或者财务的问题。

他们的实际影响是让储存的能量-葡萄糖和脂质-传送到细胞里。然后这些细胞的能量帮助躯体逃离危险。

而有糖尿病的人，在抗争或逃离的反应不能很好地运作。 胰岛素总是不能让额外能量进入细胞，因此葡萄糖堆积在血液里。

许多压力的来源所造成的威胁不是短期的，结果，长期的压力导致长期的高血糖。

Stress results when something causes your body to behave as if it were under attack. Sources of stress can be physical, like injury or illness. Or they can be mental, like problems in your marriage, job, health, or finances.

When stress occurs, the body prepares to take action. This preparation is called the fight-or-flight response. In the fight-or-flight response, levels of many hormones shoot up. Their net effect is to make a lot of stored energy - glucose and fat - available to cells. These cells are then primed to help the body get away from danger.

In people who have diabetes, the fight-or-flight response does not work well. Insulin is not always able to let the extra energy into the cells, so glucose piles up in the blood.

Many sources of stress are not short-term threats. For example, it can take many months to recover from surgery. Stress hormones that are designed to deal with short-term danger stay turned on for a long time. As a result, long-term stress can cause long-term high blood glucose levels.

Many long-term sources of stress are mental. Your mind sometimes reacts to a nondangerous event as if it were a real threat. Like physical stress, mental stress can be short term - from taking a test to getting stuck in a traffic jam. It can also be long term: from working for a demanding boss to taking care of an aging parent. In mental stress, the body pumps out hormones to no avail. Neither fighting nor fleeing is any help when the "enemy" is your own mind.

[URL=]

http://www.diabetes.org/type-1-diabetes/stress.jsp [/URL]

国内医学也认同Stress (压力) 严重干扰人体各个器官的功能，引起新陈代谢的失调

据解放军八五医院肿瘤热疗科主任医师周建梁介绍，孤僻、抑郁、焦虑、多疑善感、易怒、暴躁的情绪等都会严重干扰人体各个器官的功能，引起新陈代谢的失调， 生活规律紊乱，从而容易形成病因，以及诱发肿瘤。而在夏日里，以车代步、夜生活频繁、被动吸烟的年轻人非常多，机体免疫力下降，加之容易上火，导致性格不 正常，就容易引发癌症。

　　在对36例癌症患者的分析后发现，29例患者有长期不规律的生活和不健康的饮食习惯，大多数又经历了失业、失恋、亲人亡故、疾病缠身等遭遇给情绪带来的“有害刺激”。

[URL=]http://www.178yy.com/news/2006/1/2006115144416.htm [/URL]

5 为什么地震引发的糖尿病不能称为地震糖尿病？

2 有近一半的糖尿病患者在发病多年后才被诊断出来

3 “地震糖尿病”是如何在短期内治愈的 ？

排除了以上第二与第三项的“地震糖尿病”，剩下的少数新诊断的糖尿病人，才是真正由地震引发的，而这些糖尿病患者都是潜伏的未来糖尿病患者，只不过因地震或其他各种压力而提早引发，这并不能称为地震糖尿病，这是本文的重点之一，必须详细说明。

压力已确定是引发糖尿病的诱因，而造成压力的因素很多，地震只是其中之一，如果我们将地震引发的糖尿病称为“地震糖尿病”，其带来的结果将令人啼笑皆非。海啸引发的糖尿病该称为“海啸糖尿病”吧？ 引申开来，名目很多，举几个例子：风灾糖尿病，台风糖尿病，水灾糖尿病，火灾糖尿病，蝗虫灾糖尿病，冰灾糖尿病，车祸糖尿病，熬夜糖尿病，失眠糖尿病，孤僻糖尿病，抑郁糖尿病，焦虑糖尿病，多疑善感糖尿病，易怒糖尿病，暴躁糖尿病，下岗糖尿病，失恋糖尿病，亲人亡故糖尿病，疾病缠身糖尿病，夫妻失和糖尿病，被上司同事排挤糖尿病，赌博糖尿病，通宵搓麻糖尿病，偷情糖尿病。。。。。

诊断方面也造成荒谬的局面，如果这糖尿病人兼有亲人亡故、通宵搓麻、偷情，那可要安排专人进行调查该归类为哪一类糖尿病了。如果病人说他因偷情，怕被领导发觉，因此心理压力很重，那就确诊为偷情糖尿病吧，可以吗？不可以！因为医疗诊断是一件非常严肃的事，怎能让病人自己来呢？这要请私家侦探跟踪病人看是否有偷情吧？这合理吗？如果有地震糖尿病的话，这就合理。那增加的费用咋办？这玩笑未免开得太大了。

这是河友，也是内分泌与糖尿病研究员的青方对“台湾921地震对公务员之中在灾区流动性的效应”的观点：所以，个人观点，地震糖尿病这个概念，在没有得到令人信服的数据前，是不存在的。

这是网友引用台湾的一项有关地震的糖尿病的研究（下文）

引用

THE EFFECTS OF THE 921 TAIWAN EARTHQUAKE ON MOBILITY AMONG PUBLIC EMPLOYEES IN THE DISASTER AREA: ISEE-268.

ABSTRACTShttp://www.cchere.net/article/1636243.html

Epidemiology. 14(5) Supplement:S52, September 2003.

Chang, T Y (1); Ou Yang, Y C; Hsiao, Y Y; Chan, C C

Abstract:http://www.cchere.net/article/1636243.html

Introduction: On September 21, 1999, a powerful earthquake of magnitude 7.3 on the Richter scale struck central Taiwan and caused a total of 2,347 deaths. From the scale and the degree of damage, it is believed to be the worst earthquake in 20th century Taiwan. Past studies related to earthquakes discussed the immediate effects on the mortality and causes of deaths, but rare studies emphasized the prolong effects on the mobility. One cohort study presented the increasing numbers of incident cases of hypertension, heart disease, arthritis, and diabetes within the first 6 months, however, without the pre-earthquake clinical diagnosis or medical records, the relationship between the new cases of chronic diseases occurrence and the earthquake inducement was unknown. With the completely National Health Insurance (NHI) system in Taiwan, the purpose of this study was to describe the prevalent pattern of chronic diseases and to clarify the different mobility between the pre-earthquake and the post-earthquake in the 921 Taiwan Earthquake.

Methods: We carried out two sets of questionnaire survey to collect individual information related to damage of this earthquake and personal life style between 2002 and 2003. 3,637 persons comprised public employees and their family members were voluntary to supply personal identity numbers to link the NHI system for individual outpatient enrollment analysis. The data from March 21, 1999, through March 20, 2001 were obtained from the Bureau of NHI. According to the occurrence of the 921 Taiwan Earthquake, the outpatient data of this population was divided to pre-earthquake and post-earthquake time-periods with every 6 months. The trends of outpatient frequency and outpatient number of all diseases and specific chronic diseases were determined and the incident cases were observed during the two years.

Results: We observed that the total outpatient frequencies of all diseases in this population increased from 20,411 times in the half-year pre-earthquake to 23,103 times in the one-year post-earthquake and slightly decrease to 21,401 times in the 1.5-year post-earthquake. Male had higher outpatient frequencies than female and both gender had the same trend as the total of all diseases. In the outpatient numbers of all diseases, however, total outpatient numbers continued to increase from 2,677 persons in the pre-earthquake to 2,773 persons in the post-earthquake. The most age group to use healthcare service was 40-49 years old. Our findings presented rising trends in the prevalent rates of diabetes mellitus (ICD-9: 250) and hypertensive disease (ICD-9: 401-405) after this earthquake, but the prevalent rate of ischaemic heart disease (ICD-9: 410-414) reduced at the first 6 months and then increased in the post-earthquake. We also observed the numbers of incident cases on bronchitis, emphysema and asthma (ICD-9: 490-493) were more than other chronic diseases after this earthquake.

Conclusions: We concluded the prevalent patterns of chronic diseases on public employees and their family members were affected by the 921 Taiwan Earthquake, and the long-term effects of this earthquake on respiratory system would be more study in the future.

(C) 2003 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.

翻译我要讨论的3段文字：

1 对一个群组研究显示高血压、心脏病、关节炎和糖尿病（这些都是慢性病）等病例都有增长。

2 我们的研究结果显示了在这一时段糖尿病(ICD-9 ： 250)和高血压疾病都有上升的趋势

3 我们也观察到，在这次地震发生以后，支气管炎、肺气肿和哮喘(ICD-9的： 490-493)的发病率比其他慢性病更多。

我细读这paper数遍，发现这paper 其实是否定了地震糖尿病的存在，因为地震后，高血压、心脏病、关节炎，都和糖尿病一样上升了，却没有地震高血压、地震心脏病、地震关节炎的说法，另外，地震后，支气管炎、肺气肿和哮喘病的增加比高血压、心脏病、关节炎和糖尿病更高，这就更应该把地震引发的支气管炎、肺气肿和哮喘病定名为地震支气管炎、地震肺气肿和地震哮喘病，可我没有找到具有公信力的机构或组织，冠以这样的名堂！

现今实际存在的糖尿病人有2亿多，研究糖尿病的科研人员有成千上万，每年做出的papers 有几千份，因此造成了有些papers没有实际的科学价值，对这点必须有认知。

6 为什么在大规模灾难发生时，不应该让2型糖尿病患者用降血糖药？

人体的运作都得靠葡萄糖，就如汽车需要汽油等燃料才能开动，而人的糖储藏量非常少，因此每天必需吃3餐，多数人超过10小时不进食，就会有发抖等缺糖的表征，有少数人会因缺糖而晕倒。糖尿病是慢性病，要一段常时间才会对身体产生伤害，而缺糖是急性的伤害，一旦晕倒，有可能因脑 缺氧而死亡（If one faints but remains vertical, one risks death due to one's brain not receiving the oxygen it requires.）

大规模灾难发生时，大多数人都缺乏食物，体内血糖很低，这时候服用降糖药，容易造成晕倒，并可能造成死亡。

这是偶burnt了一个周末的时间做的功课，不花木有淫性啊