主题：【原创】【闲聊】也说李陵 -- 任爱杰

Contrary to the spirit of the Geneva Convention, enemies engaged by U.S. forces since 1950 have regarded the POW compound as an extension of the battlefield. In doing so, they have used a variety of tactics and pressures, including physical and mental mistreatment, torture and medical neglect, to exploit POWs for propaganda purposes, to obtain military information or to undermine POW organization, communication and resistance.

和日内瓦协议的精神相反，从１９５０年以来，美国的敌人往往把战俘营作为战场的延伸。它们使用各种方法和压力包括精神和肉体的虐待，折磨及不给医治来利用战俘做宣传，　以获取军事情报或破坏战俘的组织，沟通和反抗。

Such enemies have attempted to lure American POWs into accepting special favors or privileges in exchange for statements, acts or information. Unless it is essential to the life or welfare of that person or another prisoner of war or to the success of efforts to resist or escape a POW must neither seek nor accept special favors or privileges. Our such privileges is called parole. Parole is a promise by a prisoner of war to a captor to fulfill certain conditions such as agreeing not to escape nor to fight again once released in return for such favors as relief from physical bondage improved food and living conditions or repatriation ahead of the sick, injured or longer-held prisoners. An American POW will never sign nor otherwise accept parole.

这些敌人尝试利诱美国战俘接受特殊待遇以交换作出某种声明，行为或情报。除非有利于其他战俘的生命或福利，　或有利于反抗及脱逃，　战俘不应寻求特殊待遇及特权。这些特权叫做PAROLE(有假释含义，　不知道如何翻）。ＰＡＲＯＬＥ 是一个战俘对敌方承诺满足某些条件（如答应不越狱，释放不从事战斗行为）来交换免除劳役，更好的生活条件，或提前因伤病释放。美国战俘永远不应当同意或接受ＰＡＲＯＬＥ。

CODE OF CONDUCT IV

第四条

IF I BECOME A PRISONER OF WAR, I WILL KEEP FAITH WITH MY FELLOW PRISONERS. I WILL GIVE NO INFORMATION OR TAKE PART IN ANY ACTION WHICH MIGHT BE HARMFUL TO MY COMRADES. IF I AM SENIOR, I WILL TAKE COMMAND. IF NOT, I WILL OBEY THE LAWFUL ORDERS OF THOSE APPOINTED OVER ME AND WILL BACK THEM UP IN EVERY WAY.

４。　如果我成为战俘，　我会信任我的同伴。　我将不会提供任何信息或参与任何损害我的同志的行为。如果我的军衔高，　我将承担指挥责任。或着我将服从上级的合法命令并尽可能的支持它们。

Informing or any other action to the detriment of a fellow prisoner is despicable and is expressly forbidden. Prisoners of war must avoid helping the enemy identify fellow prisoners who may have knowledge of particular value to the enemy and who may, therefore, be made to suffer coercive interrogation.

通风报信及其他损害同伴的行为是可耻的，　也是禁止的。　战俘必须避免帮助敌方找到那些掌握重要情报的同伴，　以免它们受到拷问。

Strong leadership and communication are essential to discipline. Discipline is the key to camp organization, resistance and even survival. Personal hygiene, camp sanitation and care of sick and wounded are imperative. Officers and noncommissioned officers of the United States must continue to carry out their responsibilities and exercise their authority in captivity. The responsibility and accountability may not be evaded.

领导能力和沟通对于严明的纪律是至关重要的。纪律是战俘组织，反抗活动甚至生存的关键。

个人卫生，营地卫生及对伤病的照顾是必须要做的。美军军官在被俘状态时必须继续履行它们的责任，　行使它们的权威。这些责任不应该被回避。

If the senior is incapacitated or is otherwise unable to act, the next senior person will assume command. Camp leaders should make every effort to inform all POWs of the chain of command and try to represent them in dealing with enemy authorities. The responsibility of subordinates to obey the lawful orders of ranking American POWs should make all efforts to adhere to the principles of Article IV.

如果具有高级军衔的人员不能行使职责，次一级人员应当行使该职责。营地领导人应当尽量让各个战俘知晓指挥系统并代表敌人和敌方周旋。关于下属执行上级命令时的责任应当尽量遵守第四条。

As with other provisions of this code, common sense and the conditions of captivity will affect the way in which the senior person and the other POWs organize to carry out their responsibilities. What is important is that everyone support and work within the POW organization.

如同本守则的其他条款，常识及战俘营的条件将影响高军衔人员组织并履行它们的职责。　重要的是每个战俘都能在战俘组织内相互支持。

CODE OF CONDUCT V

第五条

SHOULD I BECOME A PRISONER OF WAR, I AM REQUIRED TO GIVE NAME, RANK, SERVICE NUMBER, AND DATE OF BIRTH. I WILL EVADE ANSWERING FURTHER QUESTIONS TO THE UTMOST OF MY ABILITY. I WILL MAKE NO ORAL OR WRITTEN STATEMENTS DISLOYAL TO MY COUNTRY AND ITS ALLIES,

５。　如果我成为战俘，　我应该提供（给对方）我的姓名，军衔，军号及生日。我将尽力避免回答任何其他问题。我将不发表任何以此不利于我的国家及其盟国口头或书面的声名。

When questioned, a prisoner of war is required by the Geneva Convention to give name, rank, service number (social Security Number) and date of birth. The prisoner should make every effort to avoid giving the captor any additional information. The prisoner may communicate with captors on matters of health and welfare and additionally may write letters home and fill out a Geneva Convention \"capture card.\" It is a violation of the Geneva Convention to place a prisoner under physical or mental duress, torture or any other form of coercion in an effort to secure information.

日内瓦协议要求战俘在被询问时提供姓名，　军衔，军号，　生日。战俘应当尽量避免提供任何多余的信息。　战俘可以和敌方就健康，　卫生情况和敌方联系，可以给家里写信，　填写日内瓦协议规定的战俘卡。从肉体或精神上折磨战俘，　以及用任何其他方法强行获取情报都是对日内瓦协议的侵犯。

If under such intense coercion, a POW discloses unauthorized information, makes an unauthorized statement or performs an unauthorized act, that prisoner\'s peace of mind and survival require a quick recovery of courage, dedication and motivation to resist a new each subsequent coercion.

如果处在极端条件下，战俘未经授权泄露了情报，作出某个声明，　某种行为，则需要迅速恢复勇气，奉献精神，主动性才能保证该战俘的冷静头脑甚至生存。

Actions every POW should resist include making oral or written confessions/apologies, answering questionnaires, providing personal histories, creating propaganda recordings, broadcasting appeals to other prisoners of war, avoiding any other material readily usable for propaganda purposes, appealing for surrender or parole, furnishing self-criticisms and communicating on behalf of the enemy to the detriment of the United States, its allies, its armed forces or other POWs.

战俘应该抵制的行为包括“口头／书面声明／承认／道歉，　回答审问，提供个人信息，提供宣传性的资料，对其他战俘广播，避免任何可用做宣传的资料，要求投降或特殊待遇，损害美国，盟国和其他战俘利益的批评和各种联系。

Every POW should also recognize that any confession signed or a statement made may be used by the enemy as a false evidence that the person is a \"war criminal\" rather than a POW. Several countries have made reservations to the Geneva Convention in which they assert that a \"war criminal\" conviction deprives the convicted individual of prisoner-of-war status, removes that person from protection under the Geneva Convention and revokes all rights to repatriation until a prison sentence is served.

每个战俘都应该认识到任何坦白或声明都会被敌人用来作为”该战俘是战犯而不是战俘“的假证据。一些国家对日内瓦协议有所保留，它们认为战犯的判决剥夺了被判人的战俘待遇，该人将不再受日内瓦协议的保护，在刑期执行以前并不再有任何被遣返的权利。

Recent experiences of American prisoners of war have proved that, although enemy interrogation sessions may be harsh and cruel, one can resist brutal mistreatment when the will to resist remains intact.

美国战俘的最近经历证明了虽然敌人的审讯可能是残酷的，当一个人的意志依旧坚强时，他依然能经受这种虐待。

The best way for a prisoner to keep faith with country, fellow prisoners and self is to provide the enemy with as little information as possible.

一个战俘保持对国家，同伴的信任的最好办法是尽可能少地提供敌方信息。

CODE OF CONDUCT VI

I WILL NEVER FORGET THAT I AM AN AMERICAN FIGHTING FOR FREEDOM, RESPONSIBLE FOR MY ACTIONS, AND DEDICATED TO THE PRINCIPLES WHICH MADE MY COUNTRY FREE. I WILL TRUST IN MY GOD AND IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.

６。　我将永远不会忘记我是为自由而战的美国人，我为我的行为负责。我忠于那些使我的国家自由的原则。我将信任我的上帝和美国。

A member of the armed forces remains responsible for personal actions at all times.

美国军人永远要对个人行为负责。

A member of the armed forces who is captured has a continuing obligation to resist and to remain loyal to country, service, unit and fellow prisoners.

一个被俘的美国军人有义务继续抵抗并忠于它的国家，部队和战俘同伴。