主题：【原创】温家宝讲述的天下大势 -- 同人于野
家园 准确点说 是官僚资本主义 以后 可能会成为买办官僚资本主义
家园 你知道什么叫“官僚资本主义”吗？ 是由资本家充当官僚掌握国家，而不是官僚成为资本家。
此二者之间的区别，不知道你能否意识到到。
家园 什么是官僚资本主义 官僚资本主义是国家权力和财产私人所有制的结合，其基础是国家权力的寻租和财产的私人所有制度，其目的是追求超过自身(财产私人所有制)创造能力之外的财富。官僚资本主义广泛存在于各种政治形态的国家之中。 1．私人财产所有制 政府和国家保护私人财产，实行完全的或者部分的私人财产所有制。如果没有私人财产所有制度，就没有权力寻租的动机和基础；不存在没有私有制的官僚资本； 2．政府或者立法机构权力高度集中 政府官僚能够比较容易地通过权力寻租来配置资源；政府或者立法机构能够相对容易的通过法律法规用优于一般条件来支持特定资本的发展； 3．政治体制与现代公民意识的落后 国家无民主政体来限制政府或立法机构的的权力；社会无新闻舆论自由。或者虽然存在民主政体和新闻自由，但因为经济发展落后，公民意识不成熟，公民缺乏对民主的理解，所以致使分权监督机制缺位； 4．存在闲置资本和寻租故意 存在有闲置资本，存在有寻租能力的自然人，且这些自然人有寻租来发展的故意。 5．寻租资本以获得超额暴利为目的 因为寻租的最终目的是获得超额暴利。所以寻租行为目标是获得稀缺资源，如贷款，土地，不可再生资源，限制性行业或垄断性行业的准入许可，因此市场竞争是官僚资本的天然敌人。 以上5条，是任何官僚资本主义生存的必要且充分条件；只要存在这种社会环境，则必然存在官僚资本主义；只要是官僚资本主义，则必然符合这5个条件。 在以上基础上，形成了官僚资本主义的定义： 官僚资本主义，是通过权利寻租，以获取超额暴利为目的的资本主义形态。
家园 花。人口与资源环境问题是大问题。 家园 【文摘】AP的相关报道 Democracy up to 100 years away, China's Premier says
SCOTT MCDONALD
Associated Press
BEIJING — Communist leaders have no plans to allow democracy in the near future because they must focus on economic development before political reform, China's No. 3 leader said in comments published Tuesday.
Democracy will emerge once a “mature socialist system” develops but that might not happen for up to 100 years, Premier Wen Jiabao wrote in an article in the People's Daily, the main Communist Party newspaper.
For now, China must focus on “sustained rapid growth of productive forces ... to finally secure fairness and social justice that lies within the essence of socialism,” Mr. Wen wrote.
The Premier said the country is “still far from advancing out of the primary stage of socialism. We must adhere to the party's basic guidelines of the primary stage of socialism for 100 years.”
Mr. Wen's comments, which appeared as the government prepares for its annual parliament session, come amid pressure by activists for an end to the ruling party's monopoly on power but made no reference to those demands.
The communist government has carried out limited political reforms in recent years, allowing non-partisan elections for the lowest-level village leadership posts. But the ruling party controls policymaking, and harasses and jails activists who call for multiparty democracy.
Mr. Wen said China would develop its own democratic policies and that a socialist system was not contradictory to those policies.
“A highly developed democracy and a complete legal system are inherent requirements of the socialist system and important symbols of a mature socialist system,” Mr. Wen said.
China's ceremonial parliament, the National People's Congress, opens Monday and is expected to discuss property and tax law changes.
China's economy has boomed in recent years, growing at double digit rates, but the expansion has been uneven. Communist leaders acknowledge that a growing wealth gap was threatening to undermine political stability and their control of the country.
Mr. Wen said that while economic development was the central task, that had to be done while building a harmonious society — the government's catchphrase to describe efforts to help the hundreds of millions who have not yet benefited from China's rapid economic growth.
家园 环球邮报上的讨论 gulu Ng from Canada writes: I agree that economic development must go before political reform. but 100 yrs is too far away.. how about make it 50?
Posted 27/02/07 at 3:16 AM EST | Alert an Editor | Link to Comment
Law Reform from Toronto, Canada writes: Yes, the Chinese system isn't perfect, but it's not easy managing a country with 1.2 billion people. Just look how screwed up the Americans are with less than 30% the population of China.
Posted 27/02/07 at 3:32 AM EST | Alert an Editor | Link to Comment
Vern McPherson from Toronto, Canada writes: 100 years ? That's about how long it will take me to go shopping at a Walmart.
Posted 27/02/07 at 3:51 AM EST | Alert an Editor | Link to Comment
Andrew Burke from Canada writes: Law Reform: Perhaps India could mimic China when it comes to economic reform and China could mimic India when it comes to political reform?
Posted 27/02/07 at 4:15 AM EST | Alert an Editor | Link to Comment
X. T. from Waterloo ON, Canada writes: Andrew,
Then they both get screwed. :-D
Posted 27/02/07 at 5:21 AM EST | Alert an Editor | Link to Comment
Brendan Caron from Vancouver, Canada writes: I take it that what he is saying is that for the next hundred years Communist China will live the hedonistic materialism way until they learn how to share.
Posted 27/02/07 at 5:56 AM EST | Alert an Editor | Link to Comment
James CHIPMAN from Canada writes: 100 years to global domination , now thats looking ahead . So any chinese person that is 30-40 years old , their great grandkids might see some form of democracy , MIGHT !!! Oh well , guess it cant be all that bad , at least they got a plan for the next 100 years , our government cant look past their next term in office.
Posted 27/02/07 at 6:46 AM EST | Alert an Editor | Link to Comment
Vickky Angstrom from Calgary, Canada writes: The trouble is, it is easy for other world leaders to catch on to the idea that a country is an economy first and a society second. This is why trade needs to be linked to human rights and democracy.
The Chinese economy will destabilize if they do not find ways to become more democratic and take care of their most vulnerable citizens - especially protecting them from corruption. This leader just wrote a licence for all the corrupt officials in China to carry on abusing citizens. Let's hope that Harper doesn't decide that we should hold off on democracy for the sake of the economy as well.
Posted 27/02/07 at 7:41 AM EST | Alert an Editor | Link to Comment
john chuckman from Toronto, Canada writes: Well, this puts China on the same footing as the United States.
I can't see democracy taking any less time to arrive there.
Posted 27/02/07 at 7:46 AM EST | Alert an Editor | Link to Comment
Edward Thomas from Kingston, Canada writes: Wen Jiabao, a geomechanical engineer by training, needs to read more history books. Emerging middle classes have never been patient about gaining political influence. Telling them they will not see any political power in their lifetimes isn't a very smart move.
Posted 27/02/07 at 8:17 AM EST | Alert an Editor | Link to Comment
thomas ip from Shenzhen, Canada writes: Who cares whether or not any country is a democracy or not as long as money talks. Isn't it what it is all about?
Posted 27/02/07 at 8:56 AM EST | Alert an Editor | Link to Comment
Eric H from Canada writes: So this means Taiwan will be free for at least another 100 years.
Posted 27/02/07 at 8:57 AM EST | Alert an Editor | Link to Comment
Watson Jones from United States writes: No democracy in the US? Get real. It is in Canada where things are rammed down the throats of citizens. When is the last time there was a popular referendum, perhaps the most basic form of democracy, in Canada? (Though in fairness, I guess that would be Quebec separation). They happen all the time in US. My guess is that many of these commenters don't like popular referenda anyway, since they represent the will of the majority of people, but clearly they are democratic institutions and represent an additional check on the power of government. Many US states also vote for judges, so you don't get ones who care so much more about criminals than honest citizens. Again, you may not agree, but this is indeed democratic. Finally, though there are many more examples, US votes on all representatives--senators are not appointed. To suggest that the US is somehow less democratic than Canada is just plain silly.
Posted 27/02/07 at 9:04 AM EST | Alert an Editor | Link to Comment
robert marshall from Scarborough, Canada writes: All these who gain power are afraid to loose it
Posted 27/02/07 at 9:09 AM EST | Alert an Editor | Link to Comment
thomas ip from Canada writes: No, Taiwan will not be free (at least economically) until it returns back to China.
Remember who said 'To be rich is Glorious'.
- 复 环球邮报上的讨论
家园 特别喜欢这一句。 MIGHT !!! Oh well , guess it cant be all that bad , at least they got a plan for the next 100 years , our government cant look past their next term in office.算说到点子上了。
- 复 环球邮报上的讨论
家园 这帮家伙都被洗了脑，全一根筋啊。 - 复 环球邮报上的讨论
家园 续 Posted 27/02/07 at 9:10 AM EST | Alert an Editor | Link to Comment
Rob Misek from Whitby, Canada writes: If their priority is the economy over human rights for the next 100 years I suspect the environment is farther down the priority list.
We can thank Wen for clarifying that the only way to affect human rights and environmental progress in China is through trade and sanctions.
Posted 27/02/07 at 9:13 AM EST | Alert an Editor | Link to Comment
Joseph Sis from Ottawa, Canada writes: I am a Canadian (not from Chinese origin) who recently returned from a two years stay, working in China. What an eye opener ! I can't say enough about how great and how comeptent the leadership of that country is, as compared to the slowly rotting so-called 'democratic ' system in the west. How big is the difference between a de-facto one party system (officially China has more than one party) and the de-facto two party system in most of western democracies? How democratic is our choice when lobbyists and special interest groups hold the strings of elected officials who need millions, tens of millions or even hundreds of millions to win elected office. Instead of escaping our problems to criticize China, let's learn humility from the chinese and improve our system first ! Competence and integrity of government is what matters to citizens. The Chinese central government is facing equal challenges to our Federal government in a push and pull game with the provinces and local authorities, they are succeeding in achieving steady progress on all fronts, progress doesn't mean Perfection, it may take 100 years of steady progress to achieve an almost perfect system, I think that's what Mr Wen meant, not 100 years to reach the mediocre democracy that we can't stop bragging about. Finally in my 2 years of living and working with Chinese I never felt that anyone was holding back their opinion on any topic, political or otherwise, nor did I meet anyone who was yearning for a western democratic system. Exactly the opposite, they generally laugh and think we are clueless when they read or hear the nonsensical western perspectives about China and the Chinese. Westerners who write their articles while sitting in five stars hotels in Shanghai or Beijing are truly clueless, even more, those sitting behind desks in ....USA
Posted 27/02/07 at 9:15 AM EST | Alert an Editor | Link to Comment
Vickky Angstrom from Calgary, Canada writes: Watson Jones: In our last popular referendum Canadians were asked whether we would like to change Stockwell Day's name to Doris Day. Over a million people responded in the affirmative - democracy in action and an excellent demonstration of how referenda work.
It is difficult for me to read about democracy in the United States given George Bush's non-election. Are you sure your name isn't Chad?
Posted 27/02/07 at 9:16 AM EST | Alert an Editor | Link to Comment
Vickky Angstrom from Calgary, Canada writes: Joseph Sis: According to Amnesty International 10 million political prisoners are currently in jail in China. They are not accorded due process of law and can be executed and tortured at any moment. Orphans (especially girl children) are left to die a long agonizing death by starvation in state-run orphanages if they are thought to be too weak to survive. And on and on. Terribly efficient, but so were Hitler and Stalin. Sure, there are a lot of great things in China - but lack of democracy and corruption of officials shame all Chinese.
Posted 27/02/07 at 9:23 AM EST | Alert an Editor | Link to Comment
Aussie Expat from Toronto, Canada writes: Joseph Sis: Why did you come back then? Seems like a paradise on earth living in China.
Posted 27/02/07 at 9:23 AM EST | Alert an Editor | Link to Comment
thomas ip from Shenzhen, Canada writes: I totally agree with you Joseph Sis.
The western countries are so hypocrtical when it comes to human rights. Which country sold black people as slaves and which country took the land from the native people?
Posted 27/02/07 at 9:23 AM EST | Alert an Editor | Link to Comment
Chris Lalonde from Singapore writes: If you look at some of the posts made at the G&M (ex. Canadian posters who'd rather cheer for the Taliban than our troops), you'd think that we're not even 100 years from democracy but rather ZERO progress from the stone age!
Posted 27/02/07 at 9:30 AM EST | Alert an Editor | Link to Comment
J.C. Davies from Canada writes:
'I am a Canadian (not from Chinese origin) who recently returned from a two years stay, working in China. What an eye opener ! I can't say enough about how great and how comeptent the leadership of that country is, as compared to the slowly rotting so-called 'democratic ' system in the west'.
Back in the 1930's many tavellers returned from the Soviet Union proclaiming that life under Stalin was superior to the West. In hindsight we know those people were either fools or liars.
Posted 27/02/07 at 9:34 AM EST | Alert an Editor | Link to Comment
Stude Ham from Outremont, Canada writes: Did anybody bother to ask the chinese leaders to tell us what they saw as 'democracy'?. Even in this land of ours most people think that democracy is all about counting bits of paper. And the concept of democracy gets even worse south of the border. That's why so many were jolted by the Supreme Court's decision on security certificates. Most didn't realize that the fundamentals of democracy actually go far farther than a pencil mark on a piece of paper. Now, exactly what does the chinese leadership understand 'democracy' to be.
Posted 27/02/07 at 9:47 AM EST | Alert an Editor | Link to Comment
Raymond Lei from Toronto, Canada writes: What I interpreted Mr. Wen's 100 years is as long as the communist party holds the power there should be no democracy. Also, the term of 100 years is symbolic which means FOREVER. However, who knows and who cares what will happen in 100 years when people of this generation already rest in peace. I believe the message Mr. Wen wants to send across is to reaffirm people that China needs social and political stability to develop its economy.
Posted 27/02/07 at 9:51 AM EST | Alert an Editor | Link to Comment
dman T from Toronto, Canada writes: China's idea of deomocracy is Tiananmen Square.........
- 复 续
家园 cont. Posted 27/02/07 at 9:52 AM EST | Alert an Editor | Link to Comment
Ragged Mouths from Montreal, Canada writes: It's unfortunate, but we are the ones to blame (in part) for this 'economy first, democracy second' rhetoric. if we had facilitated Russia's entrance into democratic capitalism, rather than just putting up fast food chains, and if Russia was wealthier right now, more countries would be willing to try 'democracy first, economy second'. Unfortunately the USSR is a good example of why China is, in this case, somewhat correct, even if the 'reasoning' employed here is, in many respects, a mask for evil.
That said, I agree with the above poster that it is downright stupid to tell the emerging middle-classes that they must wait a century for a taste of power.
Posted 27/02/07 at 9:55 AM EST | Alert an Editor | Link to Comment
jen andersen from vancouver, Canada writes: When a Chinese says 'a hundred years' - he means it's going to take a long time. But time is relative to an individual, it could actually mean 50 years or even 25 years. For example, when a Chinese says that he'd wish a person to 'live 10,000 years', that means he'd wish the person to live a long time and not to physically live 10,000 years. Anti-Sinoism derives from ignorance. We must understand the Chinese more and vice versa in order to take away the fear of each other. It scares me when I go to Richmond and see 10,000 Chinese.
Posted 27/02/07 at 9:56 AM EST | Alert an Editor | Link to Comment
L Tang from Toronto, Canada writes: Definitely misleading and losing context...
If you can read Chinese, here is the official publishing:
http://politics.people.com.cn/GB/1024/5418093.html
The real meaning is : we will struggle for the Democratic system to several descents because of the complexity of our system...
I got lost by this G&M title, so I checked the original one, then...
Posted 27/02/07 at 9:56 AM EST | Alert an Editor | Link to Comment
thomas ip from Shenzhen, Canada writes: dman T: Have you any idea who engineered Tiannamen Square?
All the student leaders who were behind the revoult are now living in US and Europe.
Posted 27/02/07 at 9:58 AM EST | Alert an Editor | Link to Comment
dman T from Toronto, Canada writes: The people in Tiananmen square protesting were intellecutals and liberals...... liberals were killed for protesting by a thug leadership.
Posted 27/02/07 at 10:00 AM EST | Alert an Editor | Link to Comment
Beatriz Perez-Sanchez from Toronto, Canada writes: Joseph Sis, you seem to be forgetting about a few other important aspects of life in China - millions of political prisoners, the widespread use of torture and capital punishment, selling prisoners' organs on the world market (a process in which prisoners are kept barely alive until the transaction is completed), female infanticide.... My list is by no means complete. The government of China is guilty of crimes on the same scale as those committed by Hitler and Stalin. If it were not for the fact that China is such a lucrative market for the West (not to mention home to so many WalMart sweatshops) and that it has both a large population and military, the country's leaders would have been dragged off to The Hague long ago. Unfortuately, the pursuit of profit has always trumped human rights. In the case of China, it will continue to do so unless there is a real revolution in the country.
Posted 27/02/07 at 10:00 AM EST | Alert an Editor | Link to Comment
Michael Sharp from Daffodil City, Canada writes: When they say 100 years, I'm thinking they know it will be a whole lot sooner.
Otherwise, why say it?
Posted 27/02/07 at 10:03 AM EST | Alert an Editor | Link to Comment
L Tang from Toronto, Canada writes: Use your heads, Yours!
Do you think it's realistic that a gang (no matter how many in them) can dictated one and half billion people who can reached any information from outside world by internet, newspapers, books, magazines,letters, or technical menus from IBM or Microsoft, or at least by rumors?
And you also think this gang is idiots to be a super power in a complex scocial system of 1.5 BILLION guys?! Freak out me.
Posted 27/02/07 at 10:07 AM EST | Alert an Editor | Link to Comment
thomas ip from Shenzhen, Canada writes: dman T: Do you know old these 'intellectuals....liberals' are?
They are not even old enough to vote.
They only know that the greenbacks are behind them and will be rewarded with a greencard.
Posted 27/02/07 at 10:10 AM EST | Alert an Editor | Link to Comment
Ramesh Fernando from Canada writes: Wen doesn't realize when democracy will happen. It's not if Wen but when and no will know who the hell Hu was just like Eric Honecker in East Germany. It's inevitable, the Kumotiang nationalists in Taiwan thought they could rule for hundreds of years but they had to give in to democracy. With all the corruption of the Communist party, where taxes are being forced on the peasants unfairly to pay for corrupt party officials, where development is only in the cities without thinking about the countryside. Where it's an enviromental distaster, smog, acid rain, water table going haywire, soil erosion. Where State owned enterprises are being loaned all the money from banks at low interest after paying even lower interest, and all the SOEs are going to collpase. It's a domino effect. Overbuilding in Shanghai, millions of properties going without tenants. Falung Gong or someone else wil force democracy. Mark my words, it will be the peasants who will force the democracy, actually falung gong may not be part of it since it's more middle class folks who are into that. Just like the peasants supported Mao against the Chian-Kai-Shek and the nationalists, democracy will come very soon. To Joseph Sis, I assume North Korea is the most beautiful country in the world for you.
These Beijing dictator thugs are finished very soon. Just like Castro Kim and Vietnamese junta oh yeah and the burmese junta they will all go down in history as loosers to democracy.
Posted 27/02/07 at 10:11 AM EST | Alert an Editor | Link to Comment
dman T from Toronto, Canada writes: Thomas ip - so you think its ok to butcher protesters? you are a member of the communist party and hate students from your own country. students were protesting becuase of the repressive regime you defend.
were you smiling when tanks ran over these people?
you're a clueless idiot
Posted 27/02/07 at 10:12 AM EST | Alert an Editor | Link to Comment
Michael Palmer from Waterloo, Canada writes: 100 years - quite short actually, if you put it into context. Hitler declared his Third Reich was going to last for 1000 years...