主题:四万亿美元! -- 张lini
China's Epic Offshore Wealth Revealed: How Chinese Oligarchs Quietly Parked Up To $4 Trillion In The Caribbean
Relatives of at least five current and former members of China’s top leadership have been exposed as holders of offshore accounts, as part of a revelatory report by investigative journalists.
The leak, part of a package of 2.5 million files obtained by the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists, points to nearly 22,000 offshore clients with addresses in mainland China and Hong Kong and 16,000 offshore clients from Taiwan.
The ownership of secret offshore accounts does not imply any illegal conduct, but the obscurity of such accounts makes auditing a very difficult task at best.
Deng Jiagui, brother-in-law of China’s President Xi Jinping, as well as Wen Yunsong and Wen Ruchun, two children of former premier Wen Jiabao, appear to hold offshore accounts, according to the ICIJ.
Other prominent names on the Cook Islands or British Virgin Islands accounts include relatives of Deng Xiaoping, former president Hu Jintao and former premier Li Peng.
The report also mentions some of China’s most prominent entrepreneurs, including China’s richest woman, Yang Huiyan, the majority shareholder of property developer Country Garden Holdings; China’s richest man Pony Ma Huateng, founder of internet giant Tencent; and real estate billionaire Zhang Xin, who founded Soho China.
It also includes names of officials who have been implicated in the ongoing graft investigation against China’s former security czar Zhou Yongkang, the nation’s highest-profile probe in recent history.
Many mainland companies have long resorted to using offshore subsidiaries to sell products at low prices in an effort to avoid taxes.
The subsidiaries can, in such structures, resell the products at higher prices without the oversight of Chinese tax authorities and then repatriate the profits, without the fiscal burden to China, or opt to keep them abroad, avoiding China’s restrictive regime on cash outflows.
Around US$400 billion have been brought back to China through trade invoicing since 2006, the Washington-based think tank Global Financial Integrity (GFI) estimated in a report released earlier this month.
The ICIJ report claimed it discovered evidence “that many Chinese companies and individuals have used offshore entities to engage in illicit or illegal behaviour”, citing offshore accounts by former officials of the now-dissolved Ministry of Railways and state-run shipping giant Cosco who have received jail sentences for graft in recent years.
It is unclear who leaked the documents, which the ICIJ said came from two companies that help set up offshore accounts: Portcullis TrustNet in Singapore and Commonwealth Trust Limited in the British Virgin Islands. The number of companies TrustNet established for clients in greater China more than tripled from 1,500 to 4,800 between 2003 and 2007, ICIJ said.
In April, the group of journalists released a first batch of files, which already pinpointed some account holders in Hong Kong, but the consortium seems to have kept most of its China-related findings under wraps until Wednesday.
The ICIJ said it would announce more details on its findings in the coming days.
In response to the leaks, Clark Gascoigne, spokesperson for GFI, told South China Morning Post on Wednesday that the results did not come as a surprise as China has become the biggest exporter of illicit capital. (Full story here)
However, he also said the offshore accounts would have an impact on China's economy in terms of widening inequality and exacerbating corruption.
该份文件指出,至少有5名现任与前任中共中央政治局常委的家属在英属维尔京群岛和库克群岛注册离岸公司。除了中国国家主席习近平的姐夫邓家贵和前总理温家宝的儿子温云松和女婿刘春航在海外注册有离岸公司外,前总理李鹏的女儿李小琳、前任国家主席胡锦涛的堂侄胡翼时和已故领导人邓小平的女婿吴建常等人也榜上有名。
报告称,超过21000名中国大陆和香港的投资者在离岸金融中心注册公司,其中包括富豪、全国人大代表、涉嫌贪污的国企高管在内的至少15名知名人士。名单中的富豪包含腾讯集团创始人马化腾和张志东、中国女首富杨惠妍、中国SOHO联合创始人张欣等人。投资者利用成立空壳公司,以便以离岸公司的名义开设银行账户,从而掩盖公司和实际开户人的关系。《南德意志报》报道称,贿赂款项或大笔资产通过这一渠道得以被转移至国外。据估计,自2000年以来通过上述管道流出中国的金额最高达 4万亿美元。
ICIJ的调查还指出,普华永道、瑞银集团(UBS)、瑞士瑞信集团(Credit Suisse)等会计事务所和欧美银行扮演了关键性的中间人角色,为中国投资者在英属维尔京群岛、萨摩亚群岛等离岸金融中心开设资产信托和公司。国际调查记者联盟举例称,瑞信集团在温家宝仍担任国务院总理期间,曾协助其子注册英属维尔京群岛公司。参与调查活动的《南德意志报》则披露,德意志银行也为其中国客户提供了相关协助。
此外,中国三大石油国企中石油、中石化和中海油与ICIJ数据库里的几十家英属维尔京群岛离岸公司有关联。
贿赂款项或大笔资产通过开设离岸公司的方式转移国外
国际调查记者联盟在2012年从匿名爆料者手中取得了这份内含250万份文件的秘密档案。该联盟于2013年4月发表了第一波有关离岸金融中心的报道,全球多个国家因此立案调查,导致许多高层银行家和政治家下台。《南德意志报》报道,当时国际调查记者联盟刻意未公开涉及中国的部分。参与ICIJ调查团队的包括《南德意志报》、北德意志电台、香港《明报》、台湾《天下杂志》和一家中国媒体,自2013年起开始对这份秘密文件进行分析。《南德意志报》称,该中国媒体在调查进行数月后受到中国当局警告,被迫撤回其工作人员。
国际调查记者联盟在网上介绍,参与调查团队的86名记者来自全球46个国家。2013年夏天在香港进行会晤后,持续在加密的网上论坛中分享各自发现的消息。调查团队列出了中国重要公众人物的名单,包括政治局委员、军官和各市市长、 "太子党"中共领导人亲属及胡润富豪榜上的知名富豪,交由一名西班牙记者在资料库的名单中搜寻匹配人名,最后通过投资者的登记地址和身份证号确认身份。
据德新社报道,该组织获得的资料中包含超过12.2万家位于英属维尔京群岛、库克群岛和萨摩亚的离岸公司和信托公司资料。《南德意志报》和北德意志电台报道称,名单中每四人就有一人是华裔人士。国际调查记者联盟将在1月23日公布离岸金融解密数据库中37000多名来自中国大陆、香港和台湾的离岸资产持有人名单。
据美联社报道,中国当局在调查报告公布后已迅速采取行动,防止民众看到这份报告内容。国际调查记者联盟的网站和海外新闻报道纷纷遭到屏蔽。
记得当年浦东刚开始新区的时候,来的所谓外资大多数都是各省市"三产”的内资,在海外转个圈回来就可以享受外资企业待遇了。估计后来各地开发区招商引资的过程中,由于对海外投资的倾向性优惠政策,假外资的成份也应该不少。这种离岸中心正好能帮这个忙。有兴趣的不妨查查看对大陆海外投资金额最多的都是来自哪些弹丸之地。
不过联系到近来政法系统的大变动,在这个时机抛出这种重磅炸弹,把习温李胡等高层人物都包了进去,好像仅老江家幸免,另外周薄倒没有,颇有讽刺意味呵。会不会是康师傅鱼死网破啊?
如果这样的话不算太离谱
华人总量在那儿
另外马化腾潘石屹们和三桶油在维京群岛开设离岸公司再返回投资或出去投资早就是公开信息,用不着这么费劲去挖掘
2004年的:离岸中心吸引中国企业 英属维京群岛成中国第二大外资来源地
另外关于消息来源的一则
境外资产四万亿?啥资产,实体资产还是金融资产。
哪个都对不上,骗骗没国际经济常识的人而已。
4万亿可能夸张了点。不过想想我朝官员的数量,以万亿论的海外资产,实不算夸张。
这事儿也是熟门熟路 直接关门 让拿了骨头的狗仔在外面叫唤
我不是说“4万亿”一定是真的(我们谁都不知道)。但你的推理有问题 --- GDP 是每年的, 外汇3万亿,这里4万亿都是累积的
外汇储备从朱老板的1000亿累计到现在的30000亿,是十年出口大于进口加上外资投入的结果,而出口与进口的差额是GDP的组成部分。现在突然发现4万亿贪污的钱,应该不是因为引进外资统计的问题,只能是来源于净出口的低估,也就是GDP低估。
公司的利润,转移的资产,各种灰色收入在空壳公司名下过一下.再以海外资产的名义流回去.空壳公司当然不是用一次就扔的消耗品, 但同一笔钱很可能绕过几个空壳. 这几个空壳都能把这笔钱当资产. 比如三少奶的法国房产可是某个海岛公司,放到加拿大投资商行,再投到法国的投资项目. 理论上三少奶根本就没有所有权. 就好像我买了某个房产投资基金, 这家投资基金投资某个大酒店,然后我去酒店要求免费入住总统套房一样荒诞. 但现实就是, 借三少奶钱的债主的小三可以用资产管理人的身份住进去了.