主题:【原创】印度崛起:神话与现实 -- 晨枫
中国超过七十岁的人有多少?文盲一亿两千万呢
心痛!
首先,平等意识是中国传统。在春秋以前,中国还有国野之分,战国后,除了皇帝,老百姓只有一个等级,就是国家的编户齐民。虽说官员位高权重,但官员相当大一部分根本就是穷人的子弟,昨天可能还是放牛娃。即便是烂到极点的清朝,官员和排字工人唱酬也不算奇怪。即便官民有差别,也不过是暂时的政治权力,出来没有听说过法律和道义上有啥事情只有权贵天生可以,老百姓天生不行;犯罪也是一体处罚的。儒家至少理论上是讲究平等的,你伟大领袖也不过是这个文化体系的产物。
其次,现代平等意识是晚清以来志士仁人的奋斗结果。在你伟大领袖上台前,中国人的平等意识就远超印度了。国民时期,中国穷人路上见富人必须行礼?县民路上见县官一定要磕头鞠躬?有啥职业是只有权贵后代可以做的?穷人有啥法律、道德和价值观上的禁区?
第三,倒是你伟大领袖上台后,奉行革命的血统论,干部及其子弟高高在上。你去看看,KMT(我不是果粉,KMT算不得好玩意)官员里出生权贵的比例高,还是当今的比例高。民国虽说弊端重重,权贵高高在上(这个星球几千年的常态),但穷人向上爬的途径可以完全敞开的,至少比今天不差(也算不多见的一点)。中印这种历史差别,跟毛有啥关系?
印度的死结,在于先有种性后有殖民,说到底,几千年一向是少数外来者通知多数土著。宗教、法律和价值观一向维护血统贵贱。其它当过殖民地却比较平等的国家民族多了,都是伟大领袖的功劳?
座厢极度拥挤,最后列车员放乘客进卧铺,我遇到过很多次。最严重的一次我躺着(底铺,我再不躺着铺就没了),身边坐了好几位,地下也躺着一位。三伏天啊!那是我读大学前从上海去西安看兵马俑,印象深刻。
最近十来年的研究,以新发现的大量文书等为史料,发现清民地主多数被边缘化。佃户很多都是永久性的,地主只有理论上的收租权;甚至佃户欠租也无法退佃。于是就出现了这样的笑话:某小地主破产,苦苦哀求佃户把田退给地主自己耕种,最后被拒绝只好自己去给别的地主当佃户。就算出卖土地,过了很久卖主还可以找买主(甚至已经转手)要钱。政府立法要求只许再要一次钱,结果3次、4次、甚至5次的都有。
地主远不是那么强势的。当然,也不可能都是善男信女,多数就是普通农民多几亩地。至于依靠官府欺压良善,那也是少数有特殊条件的,多数地主看见衙门躲都来不及。为了抢夺5亩田,大概卖掉十亩的田都不够塞衙门的。
大家小学毕业前基本都是文盲。
用这个标准套美国人,未必比中国好
等级观念,是指你生来属于某等级,就在法律、或道德、或社会习惯、或价值观念上领受其它等级没有的特权或歧视。这是基于血统之类,非人主观意志可转移的。比如贵族/平民、高/低种姓。
民国顶多说是有钱有权的欺压没钱无权的,那是人类通病,表现不同而已。在民国,你昨天贫寒今天发达,一样受人尊敬。比如杜月笙,发达了上至政府权贵、章太炎那样的名流、下到贩夫走卒,都得客客气气。民国“杰出”人物里,不少都是贫苦低微之家出身,成名了谁不尊敬?在中国叫花子当皇帝不算新闻。毛、蒋都是卑微小民出身。在印度,贱民当总理?下辈子不知道有没有可能。
在自己国土上,老居民歧视新移民,福佬歧视外省人。。。。
唉!
有些恨不得中国人啥有点都是毛给的
没有毛炎黄子孙就是裸毛猿
毛的办法,就是大跃进失败后,把农民硬性束缚在土地上,减少就业压力。而不是象邓以后那样,让农民进厂进城。
还改造农民阶级呢。
共产党对与工业化配套的教育体系的建立,作用太大。人才是首位的。光那几个厂没那么神,倒是8、9十年代引进的东西才是今天中国的重要基础。
http://www.indianexpress.com/news/dont-blame-democracy-for-bad-governance/683662/0
Don’t blame democracy for bad governance
This is a week when I feel especially hopeless about India’s future. A week in China has caused this gloomy mood. I have just returned from the World Economic Forum’s ‘Summer Davos’ in the city of Tianjin. I had not heard of Tianjin till two weeks ago and, because I was told that it was near Beijing, expected an obscure dormitory town. So when I found myself in a magnificent, modern city of shiny skyscrapers, spectacular bridges and fine boulevards, I was stunned. Even more so when I heard that the city has been built in the past decade and then I found myself reduced to speechless wonder when I heard that Tianjin’s amazing, futuristic Convention Centre took just nine months to build. There were Indian officials and businessmen at the meeting whose mouths fell open when they heard.
哥们从天津的世界经济论坛回到印度后对印度的前途很沮丧,很绝望。他以前从来都没有听说过天津这个城市,以为是个破地方,但天津让他震惊了。
We chattered amongst ourselves in Hindi about why such a Convention Centre would take ten years to build in India and agreed that it could be because democratic processes take longer than totalitarian ones. Then we went to Tianjin railway station to take the high speed train to Beijing and we stopped making excuses for the Motherland. Tianjin railway station looks like Delhi’s new international airport and the train that covered the 130 kilometres to Beijing in thirty minutes is faster and more modern than any I have ever been on. When we got to Beijing, the Indians I was with, were as angry as I was at how far India had been left behind by a country that till the seventies was at least twenty years behind us.
他们很震惊天津的发展速度,对和谐号非常吃惊,马上开始对他们的民主制度开始批判。他们很愤怒,因为70年代的时候,中国落后印度至少20年。
。。。
Meanwhile, the country from which our Lefties, Liberals and Maoists get inspiration, has moved with spectacular success towards a market economy. When I twittered about this, someone twittered back that perhaps we should lease India to the Chinese for the next 200 years. It might come to that if
we do not buck up.
当我把上述内容放到我的推客(twitter)上的时候,有人说:我们应该把印度租给中国200年。
这个非常符合YST对民主的论述:YST对美元有很精彩的论述。当经济上出现落后的时候,他们就对民主制度怀疑了。美国的精英也对美国的民主制度开始怀疑:美国精英对美国选票制度的批判。
本帖一共被 2 帖 引用 (帖内工具实现)
总统是个象征性的位置,但是政治地位高于总理.
请把中国历史常识补足了,你再过来这里说吧.
我不跟你争论,没有意义.
http://www.indianexpress.com/comments/dont-blame-democracy-for-bad-governance/683662/
Democracy as an excuse By: Keith |
Thursday , 23 Sep '10 7:20:10 AM Reply | Forward
Sad fact is that India does use democracy as an excuse. Indians look at China and say she has abused her populous and forced them to build the shiny cities, something that India cannot do due to the rule of law and democracy. Strange how India was able to evite 140,000 poor families to make space for the Commonwealth games despite democracy and rule of law. The difference between China and India is less about the government system, its not about authoritarian or democracy. The real difference is that the Chinese government is pragmatic and has thrown ideology out the window. What on earth can be more incompatible than communism and capitalism working side by side? Indians claim they have the advantage of democracy. This is my prediction, the chinese government is pragmatic enough to adopt democracy if and when it suits them. Where will India's advantage lie then?
中国和印度的差别不是政治体制,而是他们中国的实用主义。要是中国人觉得民主适合他们的时候,他们也一定会选择民主的。到那个时候,我们印度还有什么优势呢?
回上面一帖的
Democracy a farce/ it is feudalism a la carteBy: Dr.G.Srinivasan | Sunday , 26 Sep '10 10:57:54 AM Reply |
Absolutely right!!! We do have a feudal setup where we either elect Indira gandhi rajiv gandhi sonia gandhi and Rahul our leaders. A dmaned feudal setup !!!! Now to top it we have an appointed PM for two terms of or whom none of the indians cast a single vote in any election!!! The wings of democracy the legioslatur the judiciary and the executive the office of the PM, president the CBI the CVC and the CEC everything ids under the control of AICC chairperson.Do we call it democracy?
绝对正确。我们实际上是一个封建体制。该死的封建体制。。。我们的体制真是民主吗?
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评论还都挺中肯,不翻译了,有兴趣可以去看看。看来有不少印度人在反思了,对中国来说好坏参半。
http://www.ptfcn.com/?post=55
印度的精英阶层非常厉害。
看印度笑话的同时,我们自己也得努力啊。我们的目标只有美国。